Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge in Ghana, with over 4,000 women diagnosed annually. Unfortunately, up to 70% of these cases are identified at advanced stages of the disease, greatly reducing the chances of survival.
These alarming statistics are attributed to a lack of awareness, inadequate screening, and insufficient treatment centers. Mammography, a specialized medical imaging method using low-dose X-rays, is a critical tool for early detection of breast cancer. Recent advancements in digital mammography have emerged as a breakthrough technology in the battle against breast cancer.
Digital mammography, also known as full-field digital mammography (FFDM), utilizes electronic sensors to convert X-rays into digital images, replacing traditional X-ray film. These digital images are then processed by a computer, resulting in better image quality at a lower radiation dose compared to conventional film mammograms. Similar to how a digital camera enhances photography by producing clear, high-quality images, digital mammography improves the clarity and accuracy of breast scans, enabling radiologists to make more precise diagnoses.
During a mammogram, the patient’s breast is placed on a support plate attached to the X-ray machine, and a technologist uses a paddle to gently compress the breast, minimizing movement and spreading the tissue evenly. This step is crucial as it ensures that X-rays can pass through the breast tissue with fewer obstructions, improving image clarity and reducing the required radiation dose.
The X-ray signals are captured by a detector on the opposite side of the machine, converting them into electronic signals that form digital images. These digital images are reviewed by radiologists and stored for future reference, streamlining the diagnostic process and making it easier to track changes in the breast tissue over time.
In conclusion, digital mammography represents a significant advancement in breast cancer screening and diagnosis. By leveraging this technology, healthcare systems can improve early detection rates, leading to better outcomes and increased survival rates for women globally.
