Throat cancer is a broad term that refers to cancer affecting one or more parts of the throat. Typically, individuals diagnosed with throat cancer have it in their larynx (voice box) or oropharynx (the middle part of their throat).
There are several types of throat cancer, with the two most common being laryngeal cancer and oropharyngeal cancer. Laryngeal cancer affects the larynx and occurs more frequently in men than in women. Oropharyngeal cancer affects the area of the throat located just behind the mouth and primarily impacts individuals aged 55 and older, with an average age of diagnosis around 63.
Some common symptoms of throat cancer include:
– A sore throat lasting more than two weeks
– Pain or difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
Experiencing these symptoms does not necessarily mean that you have throat cancer, as they may also indicate other less serious conditions. However, if you have a symptom that persists for two weeks or longer, it’s essential to consult your healthcare provider.
Causes of laryngeal cancer include:
– Smoking tobacco
– Regularly consuming large amounts of alcohol
Approximately 70% of all oropharyngeal cancers are linked to the Human papillomavirus (HPV). Health professionals differentiate between HPV-related and HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers.
To reduce the risk of throat cancer, it is advisable to:
– Avoid smoking cigarettes or using any tobacco products
– Drink alcohol in moderation or refrain from drinking altogether
– Get vaccinated against HPV and take steps to avoid HPV infections
– Develop healthy eating habits
Healthcare providers may recommend various treatment options for the most common forms of throat cancer. If you smoke or use tobacco, they may advise you to quit before undergoing treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation to enhance the effectiveness of your treatment.
