Study shows that in West Africa, the incidence of sickle cell traits varies from 20% to 30% in countries like Cameroon, Ghana, Gabon, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Globally, statics shows that about 4.4 million of people have sickle cell disease and Nigeria is known to have the largest population of people affected by sickle cell disease globally affecting up to 2% of their population.
Sickle cell anemia refers to a genetic disorder affecting the production of hemoglobin resulting to abnormal formation of red blood cells which can cause a series of health issues. This is due to the mutation in the HBB gene leading to the abnormal production of hemoglobin. The symptoms of sickle cell anemia may include anemia, severe pain in the bones, joints and abdomen, increase in the risk infections like pneumonia and meningitis.
Having repeated episodes of this disease can cause severe damage to the organs such as kidneys, liver and heart. Even though this may not be curable, there is treatment which focuses on managing the symptoms one may experience.
Medications are prescribed to reduce the pains and improve anemia, blood transfusions, antibiotics are used to prevent and treat infections and also there’s stem transplantation which may be a potential cure for anyone with sickle cell anemia.
Drink enough water to keep you hydrated, exercise regularly to help improve your fitness but avoid overexertion which can be a trigger. Have adequate rest to help reduce fatigue and always include a healthy balanced diet including fruits, vegetables and whole grains.
To determine if you have a sickle cell anemia, kindly go to the hospital for a blood or a genetic test. If you have the traits of sickle cell anemia, you may consider going for regular checkups at the hospital to help monitor and avoid complications.
Also, always ensure to adhere to the prescribed medications to help manage your symptoms and prevent unwanted complications. Additionally, you might want to join a support group or surround yourself with your loved ones who can provide emotional support and help you go through your daily treatment plan.
Source: Medscape: Sickle Cell Disease(SCD).
